International Trade

International trade — the cross-border movement of goods, services, and technology — is governed by a combination of WTO agreements, bilateral and regional trade agreements, and unilateral trade measures that have proliferated significantly since 2018. The rules that determine whether a shipment is compliant, what duty rate applies, and which government authorizations are required depend on the product classification, the country of origin, the destination, and the end user. For US companies, the primary frameworks are the Export Administration Regulations, ITAR, OFAC sanctions programs, and CBP customs regulations. Foreign counterparts operate under their own export control and customs regimes. We cover the intersection of US trade law with the major trading partner frameworks that US exporters and importers encounter most frequently.